পহেলা বৈশাখ is a Bengali new year celebrate by Bengali tradition. Bengali New Year is celebrated by the Bengali community spread all over the world. In the Bengali calendar, 14th or 15th April is considered as the first day of every year. Bengali's new year festival celebrates with integrating food, events and culture.
Significance of Celebrate Pohela Boishakh (Bengali New Year)
Akbar King of Mughal Emperor takes an initiative to introduce Bengali calendar to the process of tax collection more transparent and easier in the 15th century. Poila Baishakh also celebrates in India in a different name. This festival also calls Vaisakhi in central and north India. Vishu in Kerala, Puthandu in Tamil Nadu, Bangla Noboborsho in West Bengal and Bangladesh.
About Poila Baishakh
The traditional greeting for Bengali New year start to the celebration with a clean house and makes beautiful rangoli to worship Devi Lakshmi and Sri Ganesha. People wear new traditional dress and visit the river for ritual bath and temple for special prayers to connecting with spirituality. This special day gives us a fresh beginning with positive notes to carry forward the rest of the year. People gather and meet with a welcoming gesture on this special day.
Bengali new year Celebration without Rabindra Nath Tagore is impossible. So in Dhaka Bangladesh all start with Rabi song "Esho he Boishakh" under the banyan tree at Ramna (the Ramna Batamul) and carry forward with Boishakh fairs, where traditional handicrafts, various agricultural products, and a variety of foods and sweets are sold. Music and entertainment are also the sole part of these fairs. In 2016, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization declared the Mongol Shovajatra Rally for Peace, a part of the New Year celebration organized by The University of Dhaka, "cultural heritage of humanity".The festival is also observed by the Bengali communities spade beyond the line or border. Such as in Canada, USA, UK and other countries.
First 6th-month in Bengali year consists of 31 days. And the next 6 months would have 30 days each.
Origins of Pahela baisakh
At the Mughal rule, the tax collection process followed by the Islamic Hijri calendar, which was the lunar calendar and not considers solar agricultural cycles. During the Mughal era, 1556-1609, Emperor Akbar makes a reformed to introduce Bengali calendar due to solving this administrative difficulty and make an easy way of tax collection. Mughal king Akbar officially introduces this Bengali year as we know Bangabda. Eventually, that calendar was named the Bangla calendar and the first day of this calendar is known as Pohela Boishakh.
The King Akbor,s royal astronomer, artist, philosopher, Fathullah Shirazi created another new calendar, which was called (harvest calendar) Fawsholi Shawn. This calendar created through combining of the lunar Islamic calendar and solar Hindu calendar. In some source, Bengali calendar attributes to the 7th-century king Shashanka. And the terms bangabda (Bengali Year )found two in Shiva Temple. That's long before the Mughal era.
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